RENAL TEACHING
UTI
UTI I
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). The urinary system is the body’s drainage system for removing wastes and extra water. It includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common type of infection in the body. You may have a UTI if you notice: pain or burning when you urinate; fever, tiredness, or shakiness; an urge to urinate often; pressure in your lower belly; urine that smells bad or looks cloudy or reddish; pain in your back or side below the ribs. About four times as many women get UTIs as men.
UTI II
SN instructed patient/caregiver about urinary tract infection(UTI), an infection in any part of the urinary system (kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra), that most infections involve the lower urinary tract (the bladder and urethra). SN instructed on symptoms/signs of UTI such as a strong, persistent urge to urinate, a burning sensation when urinating, passing frequent, small amounts of urine. SN instructed patient/caregiver on possible causes such as infection of the urethra and bladder. Also, on lifestyle/ home remedies such as drinking plenty of water daily to help flush the urinary tract, avoid holding it when there’s need to go to prevent development of bacteria which can cause UTI. SN instructed patient/caregiver to wipe from front to back after movement, to help prevent bacteria from the anus from entering the vagina or urethra.
UTI III
SN instructed patient/caregiver that a Urinary Tract Infection or UTI refers to an infection affecting any component of the urinary system, i.e. the kidneys, ureters, bladder or urethra. UTIs tend to be more common in women than men, with almost all females suffering from them at least once during the course of their lifetime. In uncomplicated cases, UTIs can be treated easily using antibiotics. In complicated cases, especially if the kidneys are affected, longer courses or medication may be required, depending upon the nature of complication. The following is a list of symptoms commonly associated with a Urinary Tract Infection. Anyone having these should get themselves checked for the same.
UTI Prevention I
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). You can take these steps to reduce your risk of urinary tract infections: Drink plenty of liquids, especially water; drink cranberry juice; wipe from front to back; empty your bladder soon after intercourse; avoid potentially irritating feminine products; change your birth control method.
UTI Prevention II
SN instructed patient/caregiver on ways to prevent Urinary tract infection (UTI). If the patient is elderly be careful with cleaning, be sure that the perineal area is being cleansed properly. Women should always wipe themselves from the front to the back. If you are tending to perineal care, take steps to ensure that you always wipe your starting in front of the urethra and wiping towards the anus. Before wiping the area again, fold the rag to a clean section. The idea is that residue from the anus should never be dragged toward or against the urethra. Patients that wear adult diapers, or briefs, should be changed on a regular basis. They should be checked every two hours or so and they should never be allowed to sit in dirty briefs for prolonged periods. You should also have wiped and cleansed after every brief change and bowel movement. Douches should never be used. The right drinks – what you drink can make a difference. Caffeinated drinks and alcohol can irritate the bladder and should be avoided as much as possible.
UTI Signs and Symptoms
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Each type of UTI may result in more-specific signs and symptoms, depending on which part of your urinary tract is infected. Kidneys (acute pyelonephritis): back pain or side (flank) pain, high fever, shaking and chills, nausea, vomiting. Bladder (cystitis): pelvic pressure, lower abdomen discomfort, frequent, painful urination, blood in urine. Urethra (urethritis): burning with urination, discharge.
UTI Rick Factors
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Urinary tract infections are common in women, and many women experience more than one infection during their lifetimes. Risk factors specific to women for UTIs include: female anatomy; sexual activity; certain types of birth control; menopause; urinary tract abnormalities; blockages in the urinary tract; a suppressed immune system; catheter use; a recent urinary procedure.
KIDNEY STONES
Kidney Stones I
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Kidney stones, also called renal calculi, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. Diet, excess body weight, some medical conditions, and certain supplements and medications are among the many causes of kidney stones. Passing kidney stones can be quite painful, but the stones usually cause no permanent damage if they’re recognized in a timely fashion.
Urolithiasis
SN instructed patient/caregiver about urolithiasis (kidney stones, renal calculi) in the need to put on warm blankets or pads to the affected area. The patient was advised that a warm bath or shower may help to relax muscles. The patient was instructed to quantity and straining urine and recognizing sand elements. The patient was reviewed to monitor the urine for quantity, color, and smell. The patient was recommended to keep the drainage bag below the level of the kidney when up or lying down.
Kidney Stone Signs and Symptoms
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Kidney stones. A kidney stone usually will not cause symptoms until it moves around within your kidney or passes into your ureters. Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any signs and symptoms that worry you. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience: pain so severe that you can’t sit still or find a comfortable position; pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting; pain accompanied by fever and chills; blood in your urine; difficulty passing urine.
Kidney Stone Rick Factors
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Kidney stones. Factors that increase your risk of developing kidney stones include: family or personal history; dehydration; certain diets (high in protein, sodium /salt and sugar); digestive diseases and surgery; obesity; certain supplements and medications such as vitamin C, dietary supplements, laxatives (when used excessively), calcium-based antacids, and certain medications used to treat migraines or depression.
CATHETERIZATION
Foley Catheter Care I
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Foley catheter daily Care: Keep the skin and catheter clean. Clean the skin around your catheter at least once each day. Clean the skin area and catheter after every bowel movement. Call the patient MD if: you cannot get the catheter to drain urine into the bag, the catheter comes out or it is leaking, the urine is thick and cloudy. Your urine has mucus, red specks, or blood in it. Urine with blood in it may appear pink or red. the urine has a strong (bad) smell, no urine has drained from the catheter in 6 to 8 hours, have pain or burning in your urethra, bladder, abdomen, or lower back, have shaking chills or your temperature is over 101° F (38.3° C).
Foley Catheter Care II
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Foley catheter daily Care: Always wash your hands before and after doing catheter care. Use soap and warm water. Keep your skin and catheter clean. Clean the skin around your catheter at least once each day. Clean your skin area and catheter after every bowel movement. These will help prevent a bladder or kidney infection and will keep you more comfortable.
Foley Catheter Complication
SN instructed patient/caregiver in signs and symptoms of possible complication of Foley Catheter such as urinary tract infection (symptoms include cloudy urine, foul odor, fever and pain in bladder area), blocked catheter, bleeding, leaking, and bladder spasms.
Foley Cath and UTI
SN instructed patient/caregiver on Foley Cath and a urinary tract infection. UTI is a common side effect while having an indwelling Foley catheter, signs/symptoms of UTI include; pain, foul odor, cloudy or blood-tinged urine and fever, to report to MD/SN. SN instruct patient to increase fluid intake to maintain patency of Foley and notify nurse or MD if burning or pain is noted.
Foley Catheter Care-washing
SN instructed patient/caregiver on Foley care washing with soap and water from the meatus out and that s/s of urinary infection include malodorous urine, decrease/increase in urinary output, fever, chills that should be reported to SN/MD should these occur.
Foley Catheter Collection bag
SN instructed patient/caregiver on the importance of positioning the Foley drainage bag below the level of the bladder to assure proper flow of urine and reduce the risk of UTI.
Foley Catheter Hydration
SN instructed the patient/caregiver on proper Foley care through adequate hydration. Patient should consume at least eight 8 oz glasses of water daily to help maintain patency of the Foley.
Foley Catheter Tubing Free of Kinks
SN instructed patient/caregiver to ensure that Foley tubing is kink-free and that patient does not lie on tubing to impede urine flow.
MISCELLANEOUS
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
SN instructed patient/caregiver about Chronic kidney disease (CKD). This means your kidneys are damaged and can’t filter blood the way they should. The main risk factors for developing kidney disease are diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and a family history of kidney failure. You can take steps to protect your kidneys. The most important step you can take to treat kidney disease is to control your blood pressure. Healthy habits can also help you manage your kidney disease.
Polycystic Kidney Disease
SN instructed patient/caregiver in polycystic kidney disease in the need of stopping urinary zone infections. The patient was advised to rise fluid intake. The patient was taught in good perineal area care after urination and defecation. The patient was reviewed in proceeds, monitor, and record blood pressure.
Nephrostomy Care I
SN instructed patient/caregiver that a nephrostomy tube is a soft, flexible tube that is placed into the kidney through a small opening in your skin (diagram provided). It is taped or stitched to your skin or is held in place using a special dressing called a tube securement device. The nephrostomy tube allows urine to drain directly from your kidney into a drainage bag instead of into your bladder. If your other kidney is functioning, you will also pass urine the normal way. The kidneys produce urine continuously.
Nephrostomy Care II
SN instructed patient/caregiver that a nephrostomy tube may be placed for the following reasons: to relieve a blockage in the ureter – the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder; to allow an opening or tear in the ureter to heal; as part of the treatment for a kidney stone; following some types of surgery performed on the kidney or ureter. Nephrostomy tubes are usually temporary, but may be permanent in some cases.
Nephrostomy Care III
SN instructed patient/caregiver that because the nephrostomy tube is placed in the kidney it is important to take proper care of your tube and its site to reduce the risk of infection. Some things you can do to prevent infection are: Keep the drainage bag below the level of your kidney at all times. Do not take a tub bath. You may shower. Keep the skin around your nephrostomy tube dry
Nephrostomy Care IV
SN instructed patient/caregiver not lie on the tubing or allow the tubing to kink, twist, or hang below the drainage bag as this may prevent the urine from draining out of the tube and into the drainage bag. Always keep the drainage system closed. Do not disconnect any connections unless instructed to do so.
Nephrostomy Care V
SN instructed patient/caregiver that Foods like asparagus, garlic, onions, and fish produce odor. Although your pouch is odor-proof, if you eat these foods, you may notice a stronger odor when emptying your pouch. If this is a concern, you may want to limit these foods in your diet.
Nephrostomy Care VI
SN instructed patient/caregiver on ways to reduce odor: Rinse your pouch daily (if you are wearing a two-piece system). Rinse your drainage bag after emptying it. Once a week, wash out your night drainage bag using a few drops of liquid dish soap and warm water. Rinse the bag thoroughly with warm water. Mix 1/2 cup of white vinegar with 1/2 cup of water. Rinse the bag with this solution. You may leave the bag soaking in this solution during the day. This will help deodorize the bag and kill bacteria. Use a funnel to help rinse the bag.
Nephrostomy Care VII
SN instructed patient/caregiver to Empty your pouch every 3 to 4 hours or when it is 1/3 full. When your pouch is over 1/3 full, the weight of the pouch may loosen the seal. Emptying your pouch frequently will help protect the seal.
Nephrostomy Care VIII
SN instructed patient/caregiver on proper fluid intake. It is important to drink plenty of fluids. It helps to prevent your nephrostomy tube from becoming blocked and reduces the risk of infection. Drink 8 to 12 glasses (250 ml. or 8 ounces) of fluid every day. If you have a medical condition that prevents you from drinking this much, check with your doctor. Fluid intake includes: anything you drink – water, tea, coffee, juice, milk etc. foods that are liquid – soup, foods that become liquid at room temperature- Jell-O™, ice cream, custard.
Nephrostomy Care IX
SN instructed patient/caregiver on Activity. Avoid all strenuous activities such as shoveling snow, heavy lifting, and any movement that causes a pulling sensation or pain around the tube. Please ask your doctor if you have any questions about a particular activity.
Nephrostomy Care X
SN instructed patient/caregiver on Activity. Avoid all strenuous activities such as shoveling snow, heavy lifting, and any movement that causes a pulling sensation or pain around the tube. Please ask your doctor if you have any questions about a particular activity.
